Rules of Engagement and the use of force according to democratic principles to successfully combat violent extremism and terrorism while upholding Human Rights at the same time. Upon completion of the gap analysis in the skill development approach of the Anti Terrorism Unit (OMON) the need of an additional training-of-trainers course was identified. Therefore, funds have been re-allocated in order to respond to the request of the training-of-trainers course to develop a trainer team for the Anti-Terrorism Assault and Sniper Teams. The training-of-trainers course was conducted in September. In response to the request of the MFA, MIA and the Border Guards, the Office, together with the ATU, and in co-operation with INTERPOL, organized a technical assessment visit to Tajikistan in order to connect ten Border Crossing Points (BCPs) with a real time connection (I 24/7) to INTERPOL in Lyon. The project was funded by Norway and allowed equipping BCPs and training officers on INTERPOL equipment. At the end of 2011, the final approval was still pending. Upon request from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the MIA, the OiT, together with the ATU, and in co-operation with the IOM, organized a workshop to present the project ideas on a coherent Identity Management project aiming to enhance the enrollment of travel documents and the complete identity management. The workshop was followed by numerous meetings with stakeholders within the MFA’s Foreign Affairs Consular Department and the MIA’s Registration Departments for Passports in order to gather information on the Identity Management Process in Tajikistan. Furthermore, from 11-17 July, an assessment visit took place at one border outpost. The technical assessment examined the needs of all institutions related to the process of issuing passports and identity cards. The result of the technical assessment visit was to be used to formulate explicit recommendations, which would be shared with the Tajik Government and potential donors. Enhanced Identity Management will mitigate the risk of transnational threats and specifically reduce the risk of obtaining false identities by criminals and terrorists. Counter-terrorism and Prosecutors From 20-24 June, the Human Dimension Department’s Legal-Judicial Reform Unit supported training for 30 prosecutors conducted jointly by the Prosecutor’s Training Institute and the local NGO Human Rights Centre. Participants from throughout Tajikistan discussed procedural guarantees of human rights in pre-trial investigation, court proceedings and during detention. International trainers from Georgia and Serbia introduced participants to the various definitions of terrorism in international law and to the international human rights framework and its application in cases of alleged terrorism. Trainers from the Office of the Prosecutor General lectured on provisions of local legislation related to terrorism and extremism, as well as on particular policies for their implementation. Participants were especially interested in understanding the line between extremism and terrorism and engaged in a fruitful discussion about how certain acts should be qualified according to domestic and international legislation. Human Rights and Police The OiT, in co-operation with ODIHR, conducted an assessment for the upcoming project “Trainer Development in the Field of Human Rights and Terrorism”. The project envisages the development of ten trainers from the MIA Academy, Police Academy and the Higher Academy of the State Committee for National Security. From 22-24 June, ten Instructors from the MIA Academy, the Police Training Centre and the Higher School of the State Committee on National Security gathered with representatives of ODIHR and the OiT to discuss how to reinforce and build their capacity to understand and protect human rights while countering terrorism. This occasion marked an important step in 117