In order to promote the respect for human rights during police operations, the PDD supported the implementation of the training “Countering Terrorism, Protecting Human Rights” organized by ODIHR for 22 senior ASC and other MoIA officials. The goal of this training was to ensure that counter-terrorism measures and strategies are developed and implemented in accordance with OSCE commitments and international human rights obligations. The same participants also took part in a two-day advanced “Human Rights and Anti-Terrorism” training as a continuation of the previous’ year’s project activities. The Rule of Law Department organized a roundtable on “Strengthening the Capacities of the National Rapporteur for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings and Illegal Migration”, which was held on 9-10 December. It was attended by the National Rapporteur himself and 15 representatives of the relevant stakeholders involved in combating human trafficking, including representatives of the National Anti-Trafficking Commission, the National Referral Mechanism, law enforcement officials, prosecutors and the NGO La Strada. The Rule of Law Department also developed a publication on the Methodology for Work and Template Report for the National Raporteur on THB. The year brought to the fore both the issue of illegal immigrants transiting through the county and illegal migration by citizens of the Host Country seeking asylum in foreign countries. In the Kumanovo/Lipkovo region in the North of the country, large numbers of migrants, in particular from the Middle East and Asia, were seen to congregate in an attempt to cross the border to Serbia for onward transit to the EU and the USA. Next to addressing this issue at the local level through monitoring and advising, the PDD also focused on policy support. The Mission has raised the initiative of establishing a working group with relevant international and national stakeholders to work on finding possible solutions for the illegal migration issue in the Host Country and in the region. In relation to migration of the Host Country’s citizens, large numbers of predominantly Roma people seeking asylum were reported to have been turned away from European countries, which threatened to disrupt the current visa-free regime with the EU. This issue was dealt with at the local level through advising and assisting with arranging LPCs and other awareness-raising activities as part of a national strategy to deal with visa-liberalization abuse. The PDD also participated in an internal Mission WG in order to co-ordinate the Mission’s policy when dealing with this issue. Effective Border Management The beginning of 2011 saw the entering into force of the new Law on Border Control and the PDD contributed by providing advice and support in its full and proper implementation. 2011 also saw the launching of a Mobile Patrol Unit, a support and co-operation centre being opened between Bulgaria and the Host Country, and the ratification of an agreement with Serbia allowing citizens of both countries to travel with biometrical ID cards. The PDD undertook a number of capacity-building activities related to effective border management. These included strengthening the capacity of the MoIA to implement the inservice training structure; supporting the implementation of the new Act of Systematization with regard to the appointment of the Training Co-ordinators for each Regional Centre for Border Affairs; promoting the role of the Training Co-ordinators; and investing resources in the further professional development of Training Co-ordinators. Additionally, support was provided to strengthening the capacity of the Sector for Border Affairs and Migration in initiating and effectuating disciplinary procedures. Finally, the professional development of the border police personnel was strengthened through a study visit on management training to the OSCE Border Management Staff College in Tajikistan. 76