Contents 1. Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Why gender?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Why now?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.3 Audiences for this Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.4 Outline of this Tool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.5 How to use this Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. Why are promoting gender equality and integrating a gender perspective important in places of deprivation of liberty?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1 Current populations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.2 Gendered pathways to crime and recidivism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.3 Gender mainstreaming and integrating a gender perspective.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.4 Sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.5 Intersectionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.6 Gender and the aims of places of deprivation of liberty.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.7 Positive contributions of a gender-responsive approach beyond places of deprivation of liberty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3. What would places of deprivation of liberty that advance gender equality and integrate a gender perspective look like?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.1 United acknowledgement that gender makes a difference.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.2 Positive institutional environments based on safety, respect and dignity are actively promoted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.3 A gender perspective is integrated at all levels and in all available training opportunities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.4 People are categorized appropriately and accommodated in safe locations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.5 Policies, practices and programmes promote healthy connections to children, family members, significant others and the community. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.6 Comprehensive, integrated and culturally relevant physical and mental healthcare is offered. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.7 Equality of opportunity to improve socio-economic status is achieved via gender-responsive strategies. . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.8 A system of comprehensive and collaborative community services and oversight is in place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.9 A gender perspective is integrated into oversight and evaluation through regular and representative internal and external inspections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Image: Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo: The United Nations Joint Human Rights Office, UN Women and NGO members of the North Kivu Gender Thematic Group, during a “Day of Solidarity” with women detained at the Goma Central Prison and children guarded at the Juvenile Detention Center, 8 December 2018. 1,516 gifts were given and 20 people were freed © MONUSCO.