11.1 Definition of a suspect case A suspect case is: (A) a patient with acute respiratory illness (fever and at least one sign/symptom of respiratory disease, e.g. cough, shortness of breath) AND no other aetiology that fully explains the clinical presentation AND a history of travel to or residence in a country/area or territory reporting local transmission of COVID-19 during the 14 days prior to onset of symptoms;35 OR (B) a patient with any acute respiratory illness AND who has been in contact with a probable or confirmed COVID-19 case (see 11.2 and 11.3 below) in the last 14 days prior to onset of symptoms; OR (C) a patient with severe acute respiratory infection (fever and at least one sign/symptom of respiratory disease, e.g. cough, shortness of breath) AND who requires hospitalization AND who has no other aetiology that fully explains the clinical presentation. If it is determined that there is a suspect case of COVID-19, the local prison outbreak management plan should be activated. The suspect case should be immediately instructed to wear a medical mask and follow respiratory etiquette and hand hygiene practices. IPC measures, such as medical isolation, should be applied. In this regard, it is recommended that, within each prison and other place of detention, according to the indications of health-care staff on duty and relevant national/international guidelines, a space is identified where suspect cases or confirmed cases not requiring hospitalization can be placed in medical isolation.34,36 The creation of housing units may also be considered, as not everyone who is a suspect case, a probable case or a contact requires hospitalization. 11.2 Definition of a probable case A probable case is a suspect case for whom testing for COVID-19 is inconclusive (that is, if the result of the test reported by the laboratory is inconclusive). 11.3 Definition of a confirmed case A confirmed case is a patient with laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 infection, irrespective of clinical signs and symptoms. Laboratory confirmation needs to be made according to an appropriate method.37 11.4 Definition of a contact A contact is a person who is involved in any of the following: • providing direct care without proper PPE for a COVID-19 patient; • staying in the same closed environment (e.g. a detention room) as a COVID-19 patient; • travelling together in close proximity (within 1 metre) with a COVID-19 patient in any kind of conveyance within a 14‐day period after the onset of symptoms in the case under consideration. 35 For update on latest situation refer to: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation reports. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 (https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports). 36 Infection prevention and control during health care when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected: interim guidance (25 January 2020). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 (https://www.who.int/publications-detail/infection-prevention-and-control-during-health-care-when-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)-infection-issuspected-20200125). 37 Laboratory testing for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in suspected human cases: interim guidance (2 March 2020). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 (https://www.who.int/publications-detail/laboratory-testing-for-2019-novel-coronavirus-in-suspected-human-cases-20200117). 17