PART 2.2 Security Council,251 the North Atlantic Treaty Organization;252 and coalitions of United Nations and private agencies involved in humanitarian work.253 Training: States and intergovernmental organizations should ensure that pre-deployment and post-deployment training programmes for international personnel adequately address the issue of trafficking and related exploitation and clearly set out the expected standard of behaviour. All such training should be developed within a human rights framework and should be conducted by experienced trainers. Personnel procedures: States and intergovernmental organizations should ensure that recruitment, placement and transfer procedures (including those of private contractors and sub-contractors) are rigorous and transparent. States and intergovernmental (Footnote 250 continued) Nations peacekeeping operations” (A/59/710). The General Assembly’s debate on this report, held in April 2005, led to the adoption of a two-year package of reforms for peacekeeping on sexual exploitation and abuse: General Assembly resolution 59/300 on a comprehensive review of a strategy to eliminate future sexual exploitation and abuse in United Nations peacekeeping operations, endorsing the recommendations of the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations (A/59/19/Rev.1). In December 2007, the General Assembly, in its resolution 62/214, adopted the United Nations Comprehensive Strategy on Assistance and Support to Victims of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by United Nations Staff and Related Personnel. For example, Security Council resolution 1820 (2008) on women and peace and security. 251 NATO Policy on Combating Human Trafficking, adopted 29 June 2004. See also Keith J. Allred, “Combating human trafficking”, NATO Review (2006, Summer Issue). 252 Statement of Commitment on Eliminating Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by UN and Non-UN Personnel, adopted in December 2006 by 22 UN agencies and 24 non-UN entities, available from http://cdu.unlb.org /Portals/0/PdfFiles/PolicyDocK.pdf. 253 124 organizations should ensure that their personnel do not engage or find themselves complicit in trafficking; or use the services of individuals in relation to which there are reasonable grounds to suspect they may have been trafficked.254 Regulations and codes of conduct: States and intergovernmental organizations should develop regulations and codes of conduct setting out expected standards of behaviour; they should require all international personnel to report on any instances of trafficking or related exploitation that come to their attention.255 The relevant organizations should take responsibility for ensuring compliance with rules and regulations, as should managers and commanders.256 Investigation and prosecution: States and intergovernmental organizations should establish mechanisms for the systematic investigation of trafficking and related exploitation by international personnel. Individual criminal disciplinary and financial responsibility: States and intergovernmental organizations should consistently apply appropriate criminal, civil and administrative penalties to those shown to have engaged or been complicit in trafficking and related exploitation. Note that all United Nations peacekeeping personnel – whether civilian or uniformed – are prohibited from committing acts of sexual exploitation and abuse, including the exchange of money, employment, goods or services for sex, as outlined in the Secretary-General’s Bulletin, Special measures for protection from sexual exploitation and sexual abuse (ST/SGB/2003/13). 254 All United Nations peacekeeping personnel – whether civilian or uniformed – are bound to report concerns or suspicions of sexual exploitation or sexual abuse by a fellow worker. Ibid. 255 This important point on organizational, managerial and command responsibility is not made in Guideline 10 but is explicitly included in A/59/710. 256 RECOMMENDED PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING