PART 1 • 1999 Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (provides right of individual complaint and inquiry); • 1966 International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; • 1984 Convention against Torture, and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Convention against Torture); • 2002 Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture (provides for a system of independent visits); • 2000 Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography; • 1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families (Migrant Workers Convention); • 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (Refugee Convention); • 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees (Refugee Protocol); • 2006 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its 2006 Optional Protocol (provides right of individual and group complaint). 2.2.6. RELEVANT HUMAN RIGHTS TREATIES: REGIONAL Regional human rights agreements concluded in Africa, Europe and the Americas affirm and sometimes extend the rights contained in the international treaties, including rights that are directly and indirectly relevant to trafficking. The most significant regional human rights treaties in this context are: • 1981 African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (African Charter); • 1990 African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child; 22 • 2003 Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa; • 1969 American Convention on Human Rights; • 1994 Inter-American Convention on International Traffic in Minors (deals additionally with inter-country adoption); • 1950 European Convention for the Protection of Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (European Convention on Human Rights); • 1961 European Social Charter; • 1994 Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence against Women; • SAARC 2002 Convention on Regional Arrangements for the Promotion of Child Welfare in South Asia. 2.2.7. INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW AND INTERNATIONAL CRIME CONTROL TREATIES International criminal law is a branch of international law that deals with international crimes and the individual criminal responsibility of the perpetrators of such crimes. The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court is the key legal instrument of international criminal law and, as explained further in part 1, section 4.3, it references trafficking both directly and indirectly. Over the past several years the international community has developed a number of crime control treaties, thereby developing a new area of international legal regulation that is sometimes referred to as “transnational criminal law”. Transnational criminal law is directly relevant to trafficking. The most important treaties include the following: • United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime; RECOMMENDED PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING