2.4 TNTD/Border Security and Management Unit Introduction The OSCE Secretariat (Secretariat), through the Border Security and Management Unit of the Transnational Threats Department (TNTD/BSMU), supports and assists the OSCE Chairmanship, executive structures, FOs and institutions in their efforts to promote open and secure borders as elaborated in the OSCE Border Security and Management Concept (BSMC) (MC.DOC/2/05) adopted in Ljubljana in December 2005 and other relevant international and regional documents such as 2016 MC Decision on enhancing the use of API (MC.DEC/6/16) and the UNSCR 2396 (2017). In 2019, the OSCE Border Security and Management National Focal Points (BSM NFP) Network contributed to the exchange of information and strengthening co-operation between border security and management services of participating States and Partners for Co-operation. TNTD/BSMU interactions with a number of international and regional actors, such as the UNODC, UNOCT, ICAO, IOM, Frontex, INTERPOL, International Air Transport Association (IATA), WCO and FOs, also contributed to dialogue and co-operation between participating States and Partners for Co-operation in the Mediterranean region. TNTD/BSMU maintained the OSCE BSM NFP network and provided training and capacity development activities to border security and management services of participating States and Partners for Co-operation. It provided frontline officers with a series of training courses on detecting forgery of travel documents. Furthermore, TNTD/BSMU organized three deployment missions and one advanced training course for new members of MTTs on identifying and interviewing potential returnees. TNTD/BSMU also organized activities to promote and adopt API and PNR systems. Activities Related to Threats Posed by Criminal Activity Cross-Border Co-operation in Criminal Matters To address the cross-border movement of FTFs, TNTD/ BSMU organized three training workshops on identifying and interviewing potential FTF/criminals at the borders for first- and second-line border officers in deployment missions of OSCE MTTs. A training programme incorporated sessions on the international legal framework, travel document security, risk analysis, management in border security as well as identifying and interviewing potential FTFs in line with international human rights standards at entry and exit border check points of participating States. Further capacity-building activities included one advanced training workshop for six newly selected MTT members and a study 30 visit to the Istanbul International Airport. Five trainings on travel document security were also organized for 93 North Macedonian, Serbian and Mongolian border officials to strengthen their capacities in identifying forged documents and criminals at the borders. These activities supplemented TNTD/BSMU efforts to prevent the movement of FTFs in line with UNSCR 2178 (2014) and UNSCR 2396 (2017), as well as OSCE MC.DEC/6/16 on Enhancing the Use of API6. In 2019, TNTD/BSMU conducted API/PNR workshops in Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan for 103 local experts. The workshops also resulted in the ‘follow-up’ consultancy missions and development of a ‘Road Map’ for Tajikistan. 6 The API allows law enforcement authorities to receive information about travellers before their arrival in a country, making it an effective tool in preventing cross-border movement of potential terrorists and criminals.