The Death Penalty in the OSCE Area–Background Paper 2017 torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment; establish that there are no more humane alternatives available; and justify the use of a particular method of execution. The Special Rapporteur reiterates that the burden of proof is on the State; (c) To refrain from carrying out executions in public or in any other degrading manner; end the practice of secret executions; and end the practice of executions with little or no prior warning given to condemned prisoners and their families; (d) To improve conditions on death row in accordance with international standards, such as the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners and the Body of Principles for the Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment; all persons deprived of their liberty must be treated with humanity and with respect for the inherent dignity of the human person, as protected by article 10, paragraph 1, of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; (e) To use solitary confinement on death row only in accordance with the recommendations made in his previous report to the General Assembly (A/66/268); (f) To respect the rights of the families and relatives of persons sentenced to death. 81. In accordance with article 3 of the Convention against Torture and further customary law, the Special Rapporteur calls upon all States not to expel, return or extradite a person to another State where there are substantial grounds for believing that there is a danger of the person being sentenced to death and subsequently subjected to detention on death row, severe mental or physical suffering or executed in a manner inconsistent with the prohibition of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. 79