about this publication This publication introduces the reader to national human rights institutions (NHRIs). Its focus is on NHRIs as both cornerstones of national human rights protection and promotion, and links between States and the international human rights system. Intended audience Respect for human rights requires the concerted effort of every Government, individual, group and organ in society. With this in mind, the publication is intended for all those who seek a basic understanding of NHRIs, the work they do, how they interact with States, civil society and the international community, and how to support their work. Overview of learning objectives Overall goal: provide readers with a basic understanding of NHRIs, what they are and how they work Objective 1: describe the context and systems in which NHRIs operate, including the national, regional and international human rights systems, and the special importance of NHRIs at all these levels. Objective 2: clearly explain what an NHRI is and the different models that exist, as well as the roles of NHRIs. Objective 3: explain the role of NHRIs in promoting human rights. Objective 4: explain the role of NHRIs in advising Governments and legislatures. Objective 5: explain the role of NHRIs in protecting human rights (monitoring, investigations, inquiries and alternative dispute resolution), including by ensuring greater respect for the rule of law. Objective 6: identify key challenges and opportunities for supporting NHRIs in the pre-establishment, establishment and strengthening phases of their development. vi