Alternatives to detention for asylum seekers and people in return procedures Detention: Perceptions of AsylumSeekers and Refugees in Toronto and Geneva, June 2013, PPLA/2013/02 and other migrants on the workings of alternatives to immigration detention,” in order to understand how to best design A2D. Jesuit Refugee Service (JRS) Europe, JRS Europe Policy Position on Alternatives to Detention, 4 October 2012 “The purpose of this policy position is to orientate and guide JRS Europe in its reflections and analyses of alternatives to detention, as well as to equip JRS Europe with the means to advocate for the implementation of alternatives in law and practice.” Matrix evidence, An economic analysis of alternatives to longterm detention, Final report, September 2012 “The objective of this research was to determine the cost savings associated with the timely release of migrants pending removal who are currently detained for long periods only to be released back into the community.” JRS Europe, From Deprivation to Liberty: Alternatives to detention in Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom, December 2011 The study intends to examine A2D in Belgium, Germany and the UK through the perspective of the migrants. The three countries have been chosen for their distinct and identifiable alternatives to detention. UNHCR, Back to Basics: The Right to Liberty and Security of Person and 'Alternatives to Detention' of Refugees, Asylum-Seekers, Stateless Persons and Other Migrants, April 2011, PPLA/2011/01.Rev.1 The first part of the study outlines the general international legal framework relating to deprivations of liberty. The second part describes and examines some alternatives to detention, by types of alternatives, and through state practice. It tries to identify some shared elements that could be replicated in other national contexts. A number of risks associated with A2D if they are not implemented carefully are also highlighted. European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA), Detention of third-country nationals in return procedures, November 2010. The report examines law and practice in the EU 27 on the deprivation of liberty of irregular migrants pending their removal against the applicable international human rights law framework. Section 5 emphasizes the duty to examine A2D, based in law or deriving from case law, and provides an overview of alternative measures found in national legislation. Amnesty International, Irregular migrants and asylum-seekers: Alternatives to immigration detention, 1 April 2009, POL 33/001/2009 “Section I sets out the obligation of states to provide alternatives to immigration detention. Section II establishes how those alternatives are to be applied, while Section III discusses the use of particular alternatives […]. Finally, a brief conclusion summarizes key findings and recommendations for campaigning and advocacy.” 22