Prevention of reprisals against persons interviewed during visits, others providing the NPM with information before or after a visit and also NPM members Assessment tool paragraph NO Partial YES Comments 180. Is the NPM expressly permitted (either in law or in practice) to distribute any material on the NPM to detainees and others in the facilities? 37.2    181. Is it expressly permitted (either in law, regulations or in practice) for persons to receive and keep such material? 37.2    182. Are cases of particular concern followed up and monitored, including after transfer of the detainees or personnel concerned to other institutions? 37.3    183. Is increased attention paid to, and enhanced monitoring carried out of, places where reprisals have occurred or are likely to have occurred? 37.3    184. Is intervention by and assistance from other actors, including NGOs, sought and facilitated? 37.4    185. Does the NPM share relevant information with international monitoring bodies on possible cases of reprisals? 37.4    186. Does the NPM act on immediately relevant information from other actors, including NGOs working directly or indirectly with detainees, which gives rise to concerns regarding possible reprisals? 37.5    187. Is any well-founded concern about reprisals analysed, verified as far as possible, and filed? 37.6    188. Is any well-founded concern about reprisals included in the reporting of the NPM? 37.6    189. Are such concerns subject to recommendations for improvement of institutional practices with a view to protection and compensation of victims and prevention of recurrences? 37.6    190. Are cases regarding particular individuals at risk of reprisals brought to the attention of the authorities and followed up? 37.7    191. Is this done with the consent of the persons concerned? 37.7    192. In cases of alleged reprisals, does the NPM seek to ensure that a disciplinary or criminal investigation is initiated? 37.8    193. In cases of alleged reprisals, does the NPM seek to ensure that victims are protected? 37.8    194. In case of alleged reprisals, does the NPM seek to ensure that victims are compensated? 37.8    195. Does the NPM ensure that the relevant legislative framework encom-passes absolute prohibition of torture? 38    196. Does the NPM ensure that the relevant legislative framework encompasses the definition of torture in accordance with the provisions of the UNCAT, Article 1? 38    197. Does the NPM ensure that the penalties for infractions are commensurate with the gravity of the offence? 38    Issues related to the legislative framework 62 I PREVENTING TORTURE: THE ROLE OF NATIONAL PREVENTIVE MECHANISMS – A PRACTICAL GUIDE