HUMAN RIGHTS  //  35 institutions. A conference and workshop, held from 20 to 22 March, in Warsaw, on planning and conducting investigations related to human rights violations in the armed forces, convened more than 50 participants (33 men, 17 women), including representatives of ombuds institutions, members of parliaments, security sector representatives and international experts. The event was co-organized with the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, the OSCE Secretariat and the Polish Commissioner for Human Rights. ODIHR convened a meeting with 23 participants (10 men, 13 ­women) in Kyiv, in September, to receive input and feedback from armed forces personnel and civil society representatives on how military commanders can address domestic violence among staff on active duty and post-demobilization. ODIHR also started working on updating its publication on human trafficking: National Referral Mechanisms ̶ Joining Efforts to Protect the Rights of Trafficked Persons: A Practical Handbook. The update will strengthen this tool by making it more relevant to current challenges. Country National Referral Mechanism assessment visits were conducted in Croatia, Georgia, Poland and the United Kingdom. In addition, a high-level expert group meeting to discuss the scope and content of the updated publication was held on 13 and 14 December, in Warsaw, with 33 representatives of participating States (6 men, 27 women), international organizations and civil society, including a survivor of human trafficking. Representatives of the Kazakhstan authorities at a roundtable event in Astana on preventing torture in places of deprivation of liberty, co-organized by ODIHR. (Penal Reform International) Throughout 2017, ODIHR raised awareness about the importance of the revised United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, otherwise known as the Nelson Mandela Rules. To support policymakers, lawmakers and prison officers to implement the rules, ODIHR began work with Penal Reform International on a Guidance Document on the Nelson Mandela Rules. Research for the guidance document included a visit to Kazakhstan, a regional consultation on 19 and 20 April in Warsaw with prison administrations and penitentiary staff from the OSCE region, and a peer review meeting, in Warsaw, in June. Activities were co-organized with Penal Reform International. National Referral Mechanisms: Joining Efforts to Protect the Rights of Trafficked Persons: A Practical Handbook