From 19 to 21 April, upon invitation from the UN SecretaryGeneral, TNTD/SPMU attended the UNGASS 2016 at the UN Headquarters and delivered a statement on the OSCE’s activities regarding the implementation of the 2009 Political Declaration and Plan of Action on International Cooperation towards an Integrated and Balanced Strategy to Counter the World Drug Problem, and on the OSCE’s contribution to UNGASS 2016 preparations (available on http://www. osce.org/secretariat/235181). Participants adopted an outcome document which reaffirms UN member states’ commitments to undertake innovative approaches to drug control within the framework of the three international drug control conventions. It also recognized that there is sufficient flexibility in the conventions to design effective national drug control policies, and recommended measures to address the reduction of both illicit drug supply and demand, as well as to improve access to controlled medicines while preventing their diversion. On the margins of UNGASS 2016, TNTD/ SPMU met with the Director of the Police Division of UNDPKO, where they discussed potential areas for cooperation, including in the deployment of police missions. On 26 and 27 May, TNTD/SPMU participated in the Council of Europe Pompidou Group – Europol Working Group Meeting on a Controlled Delivery Manual, in Brussels, Belgium. The meeting aimed to develop a handbook for planning and conducting controlled deliveries of illicit drugs. TNTD/SPMU informed participants of the 2009 OSCESoutheast European Law Enforcement Center (SELEC) Controlled Delivery Manual for South-Eastern European Countries and suggested it be used within the framework of the new Pompidou Group-Europol initiative. TNTD/SPMU contributed to developing the new handbook structure, its key elements and definitions. On 14 and 15 June, TNTD/SPMU participated in the 22nd Meeting of the Anti-Drug Trafficking Task Force organized by the SELEC in Bucharest, Romania. The meeting focused on strengthening co-operation between the police and customs unit in combating drug trafficking. TNTD/SPMU gave a presentation on the OSCE experiences in promoting regional law enforcement collaboration in tackling issues related to illicit drug trade. On 15 and 16 June, TNTD/SPMU participated in the 31st Annual Meeting of the Co-operation Group of Drug Control Services at European Airports and in General Aviation, organized by the Council of Europe Pompidou Group in Strasbourg, France. Participants shared their experiences in developing and harmonizing mechanisms and tools designed to improve drug detection at European airports. TNTD/ SPMU presented its activities and plans on combating NPS in Eastern Europe. 22 On 13 and 14 October, TNTD/SPMU supported the 2016 OSCE German Chairmanship in organizing an OSCE-wide Conference on Combating the Threat of Illicit Drugs and the Diversion of Chemical Precursors in Vienna, Austria. The event provided a platform for around 200 experts from 43 participating States, four Partners for Co-operation and 17 international, regional and non-governmental organizations, civil society and academia to discuss means and ways to effectively implement the UNGASS 2016 recommendations on countering the world drug problem. On 20 and 21 October, TNTD/SPMU hosted the Council of Europe (CoE) Pompidou Group – Europol Working Group Meeting on a Controlled Delivery Manual in Vienna, Austria. The meeting aimed at developing a manual for planning and carrying out controlled deliveries of illicit drugs. It convened participants from Council of Europe, Eurojust, Europol, INTERPOL, SELEC and the OSCE, who finalized a new handbook structure, its key elements and definitions as well as a questionnaire on the legal framework and national regulations related to controlled delivery and focal points/ communication channels. On 1 and 2 November, TNTD/SPMU, in co-operation with the National Anti-Drug Agency of Romania, organized a Regional Round Table on Combating NPS as a followup activity to the 2014 and 2015 OSCE-wide conferences on combating the threat of illicit drugs and the diversion of chemical precursors. Participants discussed methods to enhance co-operation and co-ordination between the Eastern European OSCE participating States on combating trafficking in NPS, increasing their capacity to organize and conducting joint operations, investigations and information sharing. From 6 to 20 December, TNTD/SPMU facilitated a Training of Trainers (ToT) course of 12 Afghan Law Enforcement Officers on Combating Illicit Drugs in Domodedovo, Russian Federation. The trainees improved planning skills and enhanced their capacity to deliver trainings in search operations, including in the use of modern techniques for identifying illicit drugs, their precursors and countering drug-related crime. They practiced searching in residential areas and vehicles, and learned how to effectively use special equipment. Trafficking in Human Beings & Migration-related Crime On 22 and 23 February, TNTD/SPMU attended the EuropolINTERPOL Operational Forum on Countering Migrant Smuggling Networks, jointly organized by Europol and INTERPOL at Europol headquarters in The Hague, the Netherlands. Based on the first joint Operational Forum in