Activities of Field Operations Activities of OSCE Institutions Field operations in South-Eastern Europe concentrated 80% of all activities in 2015 on police development and reform. Within in this field, most attention was given to activities on community policing/police-public partnerships, which took up one third of all initiatives within police development and reform. Other frequent activities addressed domestic violence, police monitoring and confidence building, and police development and reform within SSR. In the field of threats posed by criminal activity, initiatives on countering trafficking in human beings and counter-terrorism & VERLT received the most attention, followed by organized crime in general and criminal investigations. The Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) was the only OSCE institution involved in policerelated activities in 2015. ODIHR continued to promote the inclusion of human rights into the teaching and training curricula of police institutions. A centrepiece of such activities continued to be the Office’s comprehensive Training against Hate Crimes for Law Enforcement (TAHCLE) programme. In 2015, ODIHR especially focused on organized training events and providing legislative and strategic support to ensure the protection of human rights in relation to fighting terrorism and VERLT as well as community policing. Other ODIHR activities supported the fight against gender-based violence and gender discrimination in policing and promoted further improvement of Roma/Sinti-police relationships. In addition, ODIHR conducted numerous monitoring and capacity-building activities to ensure freedom of peaceful assembly. In Eastern Europe, the Mission in Moldova did not conduct any police-related activities in 2015. The field operation in Ukraine focused 60% of its activities on police development and reform, mostly placing emphasis on initiatives in relation to police development and reform within SSR. Countering trafficking in human beings remained the dominant area of police assistance regarding threats posed by criminal activity. In the South Caucasus, over two thirds of all activities in Armenia were in the area of police development and reform, where community policing accounted for the majority of activities from the Office in Yerevan. Within the field of threats posed by criminal activity, the Office in Yerevan focused most attention on THB. In Azerbaijan, the Project Co-ordinator in Baku had one activity in the area of police development and reform which addressed competencybuilding in special investigations and forensics. The fight against cybercrime was a topic of interest to both field operations in 2015. A total of 63% of field operations’ activities in Central Asia focused on police development and reform. However, there was a significant differentiation between the activities of each field operation. While Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan focused their initiatives either mostly or entirely on threats posed by criminal activity, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan concentrated on police development and reform. While Tajikistan devoted most initiatives to community policing, Kyrgyzstan focused on police development and reform within SSR. Within the field of threats posed by criminal activity, organized crime in general added up to nearly one third of all initiatives, even though this type of activity was only conducted in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan mostly focused on fighting illicit drugs and promoting cross-border cooperation in criminal matters. 8