Executive Summary In line with its mandate and the interests of participating States, the OSCE continued to provide police assistance in two major areas: 1) general police development and reform, and 2) the fight against threats posed by criminal activity, including organized crime, terrorism, illicit drugs and chemical precursors, trafficking in human beings and cybercrime. Over three quarters of all police-related activities were dedicated to addressing general police development and reform, an increase from 2014. Activities devoted to enhancing and consolidating community policing/policepublic partnership projects were still the most common, particularly in South-Eastern Europe, as well as in Armenia and Tajikistan. The proportion of activities devoted to community policing added up to nearly half of all police development and reform related activities, an increase of 8% from 2014. Efforts to enhance police accountability through police development and reform within security sector reform (SSR), addressing gender-based and domestic violence, and police monitoring and confidence building were the other three areas that received most attention. With regard to the fight against transnational threats, activities related to organized crime in general was the most prominent field of work, especially in the field operations in Kyrgyzstan, Serbia, and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, adding up to about 20% of all activities devoted to this topic. This was directly followed by activities related to countering trafficking in human beings, mostly implemented in the field operations in Albania, Montenegro, Ukraine and Armenia. Activities on counter-terrorism and fighting violent extremism and radicalisation that lead to terrorism (VERLT) and cybercrime received the third and fourth greatest attention. The following charts provide an overview of the OSCE’s police-related activities in 2015: Total Police-Related Activities in 2015 at a Glance   Total   Information Exchange / Institution and Capacity-Building Analysis of Lessons Learned, Assessments and Guidelines Training ACTIVITIES ON: General Police Development and Reform 70% Threats posed by Criminal Activity 30% 4