4.1 Presence in Albania Trafficking in Human Beings and Migration-Related Crime In 2015, the Presence launched a series of six anti-trafficking workshops for police officers aiming to strengthen knowledge and capacities on the identification, referral, and protection of victims and potential victims of trafficking. Further, the discussion of a more inclusive role of the police regarding the identification and referral of trafficking victims in compliance with national legislation and international standards was also a key focus of the activities. Participants represented the anti-trafficking, border, domestic violence, community policing, and child protection police sectors. By the end of the year, the Presence had organized trainings in all 12 regional police directorates in Albania for around 180 police officers. The workshops identified the need for improved co-ordination among police sectors regarding the identification and referral of human trafficking cases, especially those involving children. The complexity of human trafficking and related criminal provisions requires increased co-ordination between the police and the prosecutor’s office. Border Security and Management / Customs From 9-10 December, the Presence organized two workshops with border police officers from the Korça and Gjirokastra regions on the Greek border. The recent refugee situation that has affected the Balkans over the past year prompted this session on a contingent plan in case of a possible shift in the migration route towards Albania. The topics discussed included pre-screening procedures, profiling of suspected foreign terrorist fighters, detecting criminal offences, and dealing with transnational threats related to the flow of migration. Considering the possibility that foreign terrorist fighters could be posing as refugees, border police officers agreed that increased co-operation with other law enforcement structures was required, including the antiterror unit and the national intelligence service. Other On 10 February, the Presence presented a report to OSCE participating States’ Ambassadors as well as to representatives of several Albanian institutions in Tirana. This report assesses the current state of the “blood feud” phenomenon in Albania. Although blood feuds are criminalized and bear stiff penalties in Albania, there is no legal definition of blood feud, making its investigation and prosecution challenging. The absence of definition also creates problems in gathering statistical data. The report assessed data that was gathered by the Presence from a variety of sources, in order to get a sense of the extent of the phenomenon. The presentation also highlighted some features of blood feud-related asylum claims, which are a concern for some OSCE participating States, and presented the efforts of Albanian authorities to address this issue. The Presence proposed recommendations, in line with Albanian law, international norms, and OSCE commitments, based on its assessment of the situation, in order to address the blood feud phenomenon and its consequences. Presence in Albania – Police-Related Activities 2015   Information Exchange / Institution and Capacity-Building Total  Analysis of Lessons Learned, Assessments and Guidelines Training  ACTIVITIES ON: General Police Development and Reform 70% Threats posed by Criminal Activity 30% 42