PROHIBIT MULTI-POINT RESTRAINTS WITH METAL RESTRAINTS INCLUDING RESTRAINT CHAIRS, SHACKLE BEDS OR SHACKLE BOARDS Images of restraint chairs with metal hand and foot restraints (© Robin Ballantyne/Omega Research Foundation). Amnesty International and the Omega Research Foundation have documented the marketing of multipoint restraints, notably restraint or interrogation chairs, incorporating metal hand and foot shackles or other metal restraints.19 Amnesty International has also documented the employment of similar devices in the torture of prisoners, notably in China.20 The trade and use of all such inherently abusive equipment should be prohibited. CHINA: LAWYER BOUND HAND AND FOOT TO RESTRAINT CHAIR Amnesty International has documented the use by Chinese prison and law enforcement officials of a range of degrading and painful restraint techniques, with some prisoners being handcuffed, leg-cuffed and bound for long periods to inherently abusive mechanical restraint devices such as iron restraint chairs.21 On 21 November 2017 prominent human rights lawyer Jiang Tianyong was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment for “inciting subversion of state power”. While in detention, he was forced to endure poor prison conditions which had damaged his health, with his father personally witnessing him being cuffed by his hands and his feet to an iron restraint chair. Jiang Tianyong said he was force-fed unknown medication twice a day, and according to his family, his memory had drastically deteriorated.22 19 Amnesty International and the Omega Research Foundation, Grasping the nettle: Ending Europe’s trade in execution and torture technology (Index: ACT 01/1632/2015); China’s trade in tools of torture and repression (Index: ASA 17/042/2014). 20 Amnesty International, Hands and feet of lawyer cuffed to iron chair, Urgent Action (Index: ASA 17/8818/2018); Amnesty International, No end in sight: torture and forced confessions in China (Index: ASA 17/2730/2015). 21 Amnesty International, No end in sight: torture and forced confessions in China (Index: ASA 17/2730/2015) https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/ASA1727302015ENGLISH.PDF 22 Amnesty International, Hands and feet of lawyer cuffed to iron chair, Urgent Action (Index: ASA 17/8818/2018) https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/ASA1788182018ENGLISH.pdf 12 COMBATING TORTURE: THE NEED FOR COMPREHENSIVE REGULATION OF LAW ENFORCEMENT EQUIPMENT Amnesty International | Omega Research Foundation