may be canceled at any time, if the conditions that allowed its concessions are modified or in the face of new facts identified by the involved organs. 157 DEPROD receives applications for authorization for preliminary negotiations and applications for authorization for export of Defence products. DIPROD is responsible for processing orders at Itamaraty. 158 Presidência da República Secretaria-Geral Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos, note 107. See articles 5(7) and 17(6). 159 Ibid., Article 5(2) 160 Ministério da Defesa/Secretaria de Produtos de Defesa, note 160. 161 Presidência da República Secretaria-Geral Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos, note 107. Article 39 162 Presidência da República Secretaria-Geral Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos, note 107. Article 13 163 Article 4 defines a CUF as follows: ‘official document required by the government of the country of the exporter, which must be completed, signed and stamped by the competent authority of the government of the country of the importer… in which it undertakes to be the end user of the product and that the item will not be transferred without prior authorization from the government of the exporting country’ 164 Article 4 defines a CII as follows: ‘document required by the government of the country of the exporter, which must be completed, signed and stamped by the competent authority of the government of the country of the importer, in which it undertakes that it: a) admits the import; b) has tracing systems for imported products; and c) the re-export of the product will only take place with the authorization of the competent authority of the government of the country of the importer’. 165 To improve efficiency, the Defence Products Export System (EXPRODEF) - a computerized system for handling the registration of export requests - was launched alongside the implementation of the policy. 166 189 Industry Today, ‘Armed for Business’, Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2007, <https://industrytoday.com/armed-forbusiness/> [accessed 07 July 2020] 190 Ministerio da Defesa, note 109. 191 Apex Brasil, ‘A Poly Defensor, fabricante de dispositivos não letais, vem participando de eventos internacionais com apoio da Apex-Brasil desde 2017, sempre com bons resultados. Na #DSEI2019, já no primeiro dia, fecharam negócios com Índia e Singapura. Conheça a história no vídeo.’ 12.43pm 11 September 2019, Twitter, <https://twitter.com/ApexBrasil/status/1171751108257169408> 192 Ministério da Economia, note 120. 193 Ibid. 194 OHCHR, note 9. 195 Omega Research Foundation, ‘Visual Glossary of Military, Security and Police Equipment’ <https:// omegaresearchfoundation.org/ visual_glossary?search_api_language=en> Presidência da República Secretaria-Geral Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos, note 107. Article 10. 167 Ibid., Article 10 168 Ibid., Article 21 169 Ministério da Defesa/Secretaria de Produtos de Defesa, note 160. 170 Presidência da República Secretaria-Geral Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos, Decreto Nº 10.030, de 30 de Setembro de 2019, <http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2019-2022/2019/Decreto/D10030.htm>. A full list of controlled products can be found here: http://www.dfpc.eb.mil.br/phocadownload/Portarias_EB_COLOG/ Portarian118.pdf 171 The Controlled products regulation distinguishes between products which are ‘restricted use’ (which include less-lethal weapons, chemical irritants, high calibre firearms and automatic weapons) and products which are ‘permitted use’ (typically lower caliber and semi-automatic weapons). Pre-authorization is mandatory before acquiring or importing firearms, ammunition, and other controlled products classified as “restricted use”. The export of controlled products which are also designated as PRODE remain subject to the authorization of the Ministry of Defence. See Ibid, Article 32 paragraph 4. 172 Ibid, Article 34 173 Ministério da Defesa, ‘Portaria Nº 1.729, de 29 de Outubro de 2019’, 29 October 2019, <http://www. dfpc.eb.mil.br/images/Port-1729_Cmt-EB_Com_Exterior_Atualizada_pela_Port_1880.pdf>, Article 84 [accessed 11 November 2020] 174 Omega contacted SEPROD to ask for clarification about the regulation of instruments of restraint and handheld kinetic impact weapons but had not received a reply by the time this report was finalised. 175 Omega Research Foundation, ‘Review of EU Anti-Torture Regulation and its implementation’, 2020, <https://omegaresearchfoundation.org/publications/review-eu-anti-torture-regulation-and-its-implementation> 176 Presidência da República Secretaria-Geral Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos, note 107. Article 5(9) 177 Ibid., Article 38 178 Magalhães, David Almstadter Mattar de, note 113. 179 Under the terms of PNEMEM – requests were handled by the Trade Promotion Operations Division (DOC) of the Foreign Ministry. 180 Magalhães, David Almstadter Mattar de. note 113. p. 144 –fn 365 181 Ibid., p.143 182 This infographic has been adapted from a diagram included in a Ministry of Defence presentation on the PNEIPRODE available at: https://bud.gov.pt/fls/docs/nli/eventos/ev001/processo-exportacao-did.pdf 183 Omega Research Foundation, ‘Visual Glossary of Military, Security and Police Equipment’ <https:// omegaresearchfoundation.org/ visual_glossary?search_api_language=en> 184 Algemas Brasil, ‘Sobre Empresa’, <https://www.algemasbrasil.com.br/algemasbrasil-sobre-empresa> [accessed 07 July] 185 Ministério da Economia, note 120. 186 CBC, https://www.cbc.com.br/sobre-nos/ [accessed 21/11/2020] 187 Natalia Viana and Daniel Santini, ‘Em cinco anos, 4,3 milhões de armas nas ruas’, Publica, 27 January 2012, <https://apublica.org/2012/01/em-cinco-anos-45-milhoes-de-armas-nas-ruas/> 188 Boito, ‘Revendedores’, <https://www.armasboito.com.br/br/revendedores> [accessed July 07 2020] 78  79