rangement of the different out-of-cell time, which hence placed the women at a disadvantage given that they are generally considered to pose less of a security risk, is a cause for concern. The Joint Commission suggests to regulate the out-of-cell time clearly and comprehensively in the different buildings. Furthermore, in the view of the Commission, the out-of-cell time is too short in total. The locking up of inmates together that is in operation cannot compensate for this shortcoming. Only an adequate opportunity for meeting within the group under supervision complies with the preconditions for successfully-practiced detention in accommodation groups. Reaction: There was no provision for out-of-cell time for male remand detainees and criminal convicts, and there were no plans for this in future. The staffing situation in the women’s section in detention building 15 did not permit longer out-ofcell times, particularly if one took into account that 77% of the women were drug addicts. Locking up inmates together and the possibility to take part in leisure groups was offered in addition to out-of-cell time. The out-of-cell times in detention buildings 15, 17/1 and 17/3 differed for organisational reasons since the staff requirement was different in each case. The Joint Commission stressed once more that the resocialisation of inmates could ultimately only be successful if they had a social learning environment at their disposal during the deprivation of liberty. This includes both treatment and sensible leisure groups, as well as out-of-cell time accompanied by staff, that also allows as broad a spectrum of encounters with people as possible. The Commission requested a repeated examination of whether it was also possible to offer this important learning environment to the women accommodated in detention building 15. Suitable treatment should also be offered to the male criminal convicts which meets the standards of section 143 subsection (2) of the Prison Act. Reaction: The staffing situation did not permit longer out-of-cell time. Out-of-cell time had been offered to adolescent remand detainees and criminal convicts in detention building 9 since February 2012 from Monday to Friday from 6 p.m. to 7 p.m. With male criminal convicts, moreover, the constructional circumstances in the prison and the staffing situation did not permit accommodation group concepts. The Joint Commission pointed out that it had already stated in its report of 8 March 2012 regarding the visit to Cologne prison that the out-of-cell time was too short all in all. As has already been stated, locking up inmates together is unsuitable as a resocialisation measure. What is more, staff shortages may not be used as a permanent reason to refuse to provide resocialisation measures. 37