A/HRC/4/33/Add.2
Page 46
234.
Similarly, regarding access to information, the Administrative Code of Georgia
provides the legal framework referring to which NGOs can easily request public information
from governmental agencies without restriction and/or limitation. For example the “Georgian
Young Lawyers’ Association”, on several instances, applied for public information to the
Prosecution Services of Georgia requesting statistical and other information, which has been
provided to GYLA in all instances. “Article 42 of the Constitution” has also requested public
information regarding investigations initiated under articles 1441 (torture), 1442 (threat of
torture), 1443 (inhuman or degrading treatment) and 335 (compulsion to provide explanation,
testimony or opinion) of the CC, and the incident that took place on 27 March 2006, which has
been provided.
235.
Recommendation (g) stated: Victims receive substantial compensation and adequate
medical treatment and rehabilitation;
236.
According to non-governmental sources, the Constitution provides no explicit right to
reparations, but some guarantees with respect to compensation. Article 42 (9) states: “Everyone
who has sustained illegal damage by the state, self-government bodies and officials, shall receive
complete compensation from state funds through the court proceedings.” The Criminal
Procedure Code provides for compensation and rehabilitation of torture victims (art. 219 of
Criminal Procedural Code). Particularly positive is the fact that the failure to identify the
perpetrator is not a hindrance for a victim to bring an action before the civil courts on the basis of
state liability (arts. 33 (4) of the Criminal Procedure Code). Unfortunately, the enactment of this
provision has been postponed by the parliament four times. Each time the date for the entry into
force of this article approaches, new amendments are made suspending its application again and
again.7
237.
The victim also has right to receive rehabilitation and compensation for unlawful
actions of investigative bodies. However, rehabilitation is provided for unlawful and unreasoned
detention/conviction and compulsory treatment and not for torture as such. Therefore, it cannot
be considered an effective remedy for torture survivors. However, it is positive that
compensation is not dependant on the result of the criminal case in question; in practice, a review
of relevant judgement shows that judges often refrain from awarding compensation citing
budgetary constraints.
238.
The Government informed that, according to article 42 (9) of the Georgian
Constitution, “any person having unlawfully sustained a damage inflicted by state agencies, selfgovernment bodies and their representatives shall be guaranteed full compensation at the
expense of the state and determined through court proceedings". CPC stipulates that a person
suffering from property, physical or moral damage resulting from unlawful acts including
arbitrary detention and “other unlawful or arbitrary acts of the bodies of criminal procedure”
is entitled to compensation, thus not being limited only to wrongful detention/conviction, but any
unlawful act, including torture and ill-treatment. Under articles 73 and 76 of CPC, the
suspect/accused has the specific right to receive compensation for the damage suffered as a result
of illegal detention. In accordance with article 30 of CPC, the person that sustained damage as a
result of a crime may initiate a civil claim. Compensation may be requested for property,
physical (bodily) or moral harm. A civil claim is presented against the accused. As stated in
7
Pursuant to Article 681 (2) the application of this article is postponed till January 2007.
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