The Committee's decision on admissibility of procedure, only individuals may submit a communication to the Human Rights Committee. With reference to the Committee's jurisprudence,3 the government of Quebec submits that a company incorporated under Quebec legislation has no standing before the Committee. 7.1 During its forty-seventh session and after the Committee had adopted its Views in respect of communications Nos. 359/1989 and 385/1989,2 in which similar issues were raised, the Committee considered the admissibility of the communication. It disagreed with the State party's contention that there were still effective remedies available to the author. In this context, it noted that in spite of repeated legislative changes protecting the visage linguistique of Quebec, and despite the fact that some of the relevant statutory provisions had been declared unconstitutional successively by the Superior, Appeal and Supreme Courts, the only effect of this had been the replacement of these provisions by ones that are the same in substance as those they replaced, but reinforced by the "notwithstanding" clause of section 10 of Bill No. 178. 8.2 With regard to the author's claim under article 26 of the Covenant, reference is made to the Committee's findings in communications Nos. 359/1989 (Ballantyne/Davidson v. Canada) and 385/1989 (McIntyre v. Canada); the Committee concluded that sections 1 and 6 of Bill No. 178 were compatible with article 26 of the Covenant. 9.1 The government of Quebec further refers to the information provided pursuant to the Committee's request for relevant measures taken in connection with the Committee's Views in communications Nos. 359/1989 and 385/1989. It points out that sections 58 and 68 of the Charter of the French Language, on which the present communication is based, have been amended by Bill No. 86, entitled Act to Amend the Charter of the French Language (Loi modifiant la Charte de la langue française) (L.Q. 1993, c.40; projet de loi 86), which was adopted on 18 June 1993 and entered into force on 22 December 1993. Section 58 of the Charter of the French Language, as modified by section 18 of Bill No. 86, now reads: 7.2 As to whether a declaratory judgement declaring Bill No. 178 invalid would provide the author with an effective remedy, the Committee noted that such a judgment would leave the Charter of the French Language operative and intact, and that the legislature of Quebec could still override any such judgement by replacing the provisions struck down by others substantially the same and by invoking the "notwithstanding" clause of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. "58. Public signs and posters commercial advertising must be in French. 7.3 The Committee considered that the author had made a reasonable effort to substantiate his allegations, for purposes of admissibility. Although the author had specifically challenged only Bill No. 101, which was amended by Bill No. 178 in 1988, the Committee found that it was not precluded from examining the compatibility of both laws with the Covenant, as the central issue, language-based discrimination in commercial outdoor advertising, remained the same. "They may also be both in French and in another language provided that French is markedly predominant. "However, the Government may determine by regulation, the places, cases, conditions or circumstances where public signs and posters and commercial advertising must be in French only, where French need not be predominant or where such signs, posters and advertising may be in another language only." 7.4 On 8 April 1993, therefore, the Committee declared the communication admissible. 9.2 The Quebec Regulations on the Language of Commerce and Business (Réglement sur la langue du commerce et des affaires) entered into force on 22 December 1993; the exceptions mentioned in the third paragraph of section 58 are spelled out in sections 15 to 25 of the Regulations. It is submitted that only in two well-defined situations, the commercial advertising of a firm must be exclusively in French. Furthermore, sections 17 to 21 cover situations in which public signs and posters and commercial advertising may be displayed both in French and in another language provided that State party's further information and observations on the admissibility and on the merits of the communication, and the author's comments thereon 8.1 Under cover of a note dated 4 May 1994, the State party forwards a submission from the government of Quebec, dated 21 February 1994, in which it submits that the author claims before the Committee violations of rights enjoyed by his company "Allan Singer Limited". It notes that under article 1 of the Optional Protocol to the Covenant and paragraph (a) of rule 90 of the Committee's rules 2 and 3 Ibid., Forty-fourth Session, Supplement No. 40 (A/44/40), annex XI.M, communication No. 361/1989 (A publication and printing company v. Trinidad and Tobago), declared inadmissible on 14 July 1989, at the Committee's thirty-sixth session, para. 3.2. See note 1. 81