7.5 7.6 7.7 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 Access to Healthcare Services: The Value of Having an In-house General Practitioner Appropriate Recognition of the Age of Young People Sexual Health Screening The Foundations of Therapy for Victims of Human Trafficking Establishing a Therapeutic Relationship of Mutual Trust between Client and Clinician A Safe, Calm and Consistent Therapeutic Environment Focusing on the “Here and Now” 10.3 94 96 97 11 Conclusions and Recommendations 114 100 ANNEX 1 The Helen Bamber Foundation Initial Assessment Form 118 100 101 ANNEX 2 Main References 121 Therapeutic Work which Addresses the Trafficking Experience 102 9.1 Understanding the Significance of Relationships during Childhood and Adolescent Development for Victims of Trafficking 102 Building Autonomy and Agency with Victims of Trafficking 102 Working with Internalised Beliefs and Experiences 104 “In Meeting the Body, We Meet the Trauma”: Working with the Body-Mind Connection 104 Working with Psychological Conditioning, Traumatic Re-enactment and Traumatic Bonding 107 Working with Victims of Trafficking who Engage in Self-harming Behaviours 109 The Gateway to Positive Relationships and Integration 109 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 10 Understanding the Process of Recovery for Victims of Human Trafficking 111 10.1 HBF’s Approach to Cases in which Significant Recovery Progress is Observed at an Early Stage 111 HBF’s Approach to Cases which Lack Visible Signs of Recovery Progress 112 10.2 112 113 99 9 9.2 10.4 Working with Clients under Pressure: The Effects upon Therapeutic Work of Legal Procedures, Decisions and Outcomes The Meaning of “Sustained Recovery” 47