METHODOLOGY AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The present report only highlights cases where  judges or prosecutors  have initiated investigations into the most serious international crimes. It does not, therefore, include every complaint that victims, lawyers and NGOs filed under universal jurisdiction with national authorities in 2018, if they did not result in significant judicial advances, are still pending, or have been dismissed by relevant national authorities. The report also refers to cases of serious crimes under international law based on active or passive personality jurisdiction where the relevant case has also had an impact on the practice of universal jurisdiction. While every attempt was made to ensure accuracy, information may be subject to change without notice. This report has been researched and written by Valérie Paulet, Project Coordinator at TRIAL International, in collaboration with REDRESS, the European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights (ECCHR), the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH) and the International Foundation Baltasar Garzón (FIBGAR). The organizations are grateful to the following persons for their assistance and collaboration in collecting the information compiled in this report: the NGOs  Guernica 37,  The Center for Justice and Accountability (CJA)  and Civitas Maxima,  as well as  Aitor Martínez, Alain Werner, Luc Walleyn, Joseph Breham, Hélène Legeay, Thijs Berger, Tom Laitinien, Eric Emeraux, Una Schamberger, Juliette Rémond-Tiedrez, Louis Perez and all the prosecutors from war crimes units that gave us the latest updates on their public cases. This publication benefited from the generous support of the Taiwan Foundation for Democracy, the Oak Foundation and the City of Geneva. 6