PART D – Psychological consequences of torture on individuals 35 Psychalgia Psychogenic: – backache – headache Somatoform pain disorder Excludes: backache NOS ( M54.9 ) pain: – NOS ( R52.9 ) – acute ( R52.0 ) – chronic ( R52.2 ) – intractable ( R52.1 ) tension headache ( G44.2 ) Under F45 Somatoform disorders see also: F45.1 Undifferentiated somatoform disorder F45.2 Hypocondriacal disorder F45.3 Somatoform autonomic dysfunction F45.8 Other somatoform disorders Under “Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (F40-F48)” see also: F40 Phobic anxiety disorders F41 Other anxiety disorders F41.0 Panic disorder (episodic paroxysmal anxiety) F41.1 Generalized anxiety disorder F41.2 Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder F41.3 Other mixed anxiety disorders F41.8 Other specified anxiety disorders F41.9 Anxiety disorder, unspecified F42 Obsessive-compulsive disorder DISORDERS OF ADULT PERSONALITY AND BEHAVIOUR (F60-F69) F62 Enduring personality changes, not attributable to brain damage and disease Disorders of adult personality and behaviour that have developed in persons with no previous personality disorder following exposure to catastrophic or excessive prolonged stress, or following a severe psychiatric illness. These diagnoses should be made only when there is evidence of a definite and enduring change in a person’s pattern of perceiving, relating to, or thinking about the environment and himself or herself. The personality change should be significant and be associated with inflexible and maladaptive behaviour not present before the pathogenic experience. The change should not be a direct manifestation of another mental disorder or a residual symptom of any antecedent mental disorder. Excludes: personality and behavioural disorder due to brain disease, damage and dysfunction ( F07.- ) F62.0 Enduring personality change after catastrophic experience Enduring personality change, present for at least two years, following exposure to catastrophic