PART II.  THE RESPONSIBILITY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITIES This is acknowledged in the preamble of the Basic Principles, which states that “there is (…) a need to maintain and, whenever necessary, to improve the working conditions and status of these officials”. The Guidelines for the Effective Implementation of the Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, Guideline IB (2) state: “All law enforcement officials shall be adequately remunerated and shall be provided with appropriate working conditions.” This was also recognized by the African Commission on Human and People’s Rights, confirming the importance of having an enabling environment, when it adopted the “resolution on Police and Human Rights in Africa”: “Concerned that effective policing in Africa is impeded by several factors including limited financial resources, inadequate training, poor working conditions and corruption; Further concerned that this situation has led to non-compliance by the police with basic human rights standards in the execution of their duties, including the use of excessive and disproportionate force, extrajudicial killings and summary executions, arbitrary and illegal arrest, torture and mistreatment (…)”.127 127  Resolution ACHPR/RES.259 (LIV) 2013 on Police and Human Rights, adopted during the 54th Ordinary Session held from 22nd October to 5th November 2013 in Banjul. 51