ELECTIONS  : :  11 In line with NAM recommendations, the Office carried out election observation activities in 16 OSCE participating States. This included eight full-scale election observation missions (EOMs), comprising long- and short-term observers that are seconded by participating States; two limited election observation missions (LEOMs), including long- but not short-term observers; five election assessment missions (EAMs), comprising a core team of experts but no long- or short-term observers; and one Election Expert Team (EET), which included a limited number of experts focusing on specific issues. A total of 2,937 observers from 53 countries took part in ODIHR observation activities in 2018. Of that number, 1,239 observers were women. Of the Core Team members recruited by ODIHR, 47 per cent were women, with 43 per cent of election observation leadership positions held by women. To support the participation of observers from countries that do not generally second observers and to redress a continued shortfall in secondments, ODIHR utilizes the extra-budgetary Diversification Fund. In 2018, the Fund enabled the deployment of 13 long- and 16 short-term observers (16 women, 13 men). The continued support of OSCE participating States for these extra-budgetary programmes is instrumental in ensuring full and diverse representation in election observation missions. Early parliamentary Armenia 15 16 6 November United States 14 9 December Mid-term Congress 28 September EOM type of activity best meets the needs identified. In 2018, ODIHR conducted 17 NAMs. Presidential Georgia 13 General 30 September 28 October Bosnia & Herzegovina 12 11 Referendum 24 June 10 6 October The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 9 Parliamentary Latvia General Eelction Sweden 8 Early Presidential & Parliamentary 15 May 9 September Turkey 7 Montenegro 8 April 6 Early parliamentary Slovenia Early Presidential Azerbaijan 5 3 June Presidential 18 March 4 11 April Hungary 3 Presidential Cyprus Presidential 28 January 2 Russian Federation 1 25 March Parliamentary 4 March Parliamentary Turkmenistan Parliamentary Italy 2018 Election-Related Activities LEOM EET 43% of leadership positions in election observation missions were occupied by women EAM