38  : :  TOLERANCE AND NON-DISCRIMINATION Warsaw, 1 August 2018. Ales Giao Hanek, ODIHR Hate Crime Officer, addresses participants at the Hate Crime Training, organized by the office. (OSCE/Maria Kuchma) “ Hate crime is now, more than ever, a matter of great concern in policing all over Europe. Training police officers and instructors who can then train members of their own forces is important to effectively deal with this growing problem.” Montserrat Pina, President of the European Network of Policewomen at a TAHCLE event Improving how states record and report on hate crimes ODIHR has developed and conducted a number of activities to help states overcome challenges to effective data collection, such as under-reporting. Many victims do not come forward to report hate crimes. This happens for a number of reasons, ranging from language barriers to mistrust in the authorities or fear of reprisals. To help map the levels of unreported hate crime and the experiences of hate crime victims, ODIHR developed a methodology on conducting victimization surveys, in co-operation with the Commissioner for Human Rights in Poland. The results help show the real number of hate crimes, the reasons for underreporting and the impact that hate crimes have on the victims. In August, ODIHR also unveiled the Information Against Hate Crimes Toolkit (INFAHCT) programme, which helps states diagnose and correct issues in their hate crime data-collection mechanisms. This programme addresses the need for a clear mechanism that enables states to collect comprehensive data through changes in policies, institutions and government structures. These two initiatives were complimented by a series of national workshops, conducted jointly with the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA), in Lithuania, Poland, Portugal and Slovakia. Strengthening how criminal justice systems respond to hate crime ODIHR works to help police officers recognize, report and investigate hate crimes through the Training Against Hate Crime for Law Enforcement (TAHCLE) programme. In 2018, ODIHR delivered refresher training-of-trainers sessions in Italy and Slovakia, as well as an awareness-raising workshop in Turkey. The Office also worked with the Association of European Police Colleges and the European Network of Police Women, and conducted two international