All people must have information about contraceptive measures and their use and be guaranteed access to sexuality education and family planning services in order to make informed decisions about safe and reliable contraceptive measures and thus on whether to have children or not. The health, development and well-being of all members of the family improve where there are freely available and appropriate measures for the voluntary regulation of fertility. In one of its decisions concerning an individual complaint,38 the Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women found that the sterilization of a woman without full informed consent had been a violation of Article 16 (the right to decide the number and spacing of children) by permanently depriving her of her natural reproductive capacity. 38 CEDAW/C/36/D/4/2004, Ms. A. S. vs. Hungary RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND FAMILY LIFE THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND FAMILY LIFE IN LAW The right to privacy and family life can be found in, for example, Article 17 of the ­International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, “no one shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to unlawful attacks on his honour and reputation”. Similar provisions are contained in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Article 8 of the ECHR and Article 11 of the ACHR. A ­ rticle 16 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child guarantees the freedom of the child from ­“arbitrary or unlawful interference with his or her privacy, family, home or correspondence”. A s­ imilar provision is contained in Article 10 of the African Charter on the Rights and ­Welfare of the Child. Though interconnected, the right to privacy and family life differs from the right to found a family. This right includes access to available reproductive health care technology, including safe and acceptable contraceptive methods. It also comprises the right to confidentiality, for example HIV/AIDS-status, pregnancy, visits to reproductive health care service providers, etc. Such confidentiality in treatment and counselling should also be ensured for adolescents. 106 One area where states may fail to respect women’s privacy relates to their reproductive functions. It is for example a violation of a woman’s right to privacy to require the husband’s authorization for sterilization, or to impose a legal duty upon doctors and other health personnel to report cases of women who have undergone abortion.39 In 39 HRC, General Comment No. 28, para. 20.

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