Human Rights- ­Components of State’s related issues Obligations HIV/AIDS 54 • States should take steps to eliminate the social and cultural factors that exacerbate women and girls’ heightened risk of contracting HIV. • States should take steps to ensure access to HIV prevention, treatment, and care for all individuals. This includes the obligation to ensure information and education on HIV, access to condoms (including female condoms), voluntary and confidential counselling and testing for HIV, non-discriminatory health care, and affordability of necessary medications for individuals living with HIV. • States should take steps to ensure that all individuals living with HIV are able to make informed and voluntary decisions around childbearing. This includes the obligation to ensure access to contraceptive information and services, safe abortion services, where legal, and reproductive technologies. Assessing compliance • To what extent has the State developed and implemented a national strategy or plan aimed at ensuring prevention, treatment, and control of HIV, including by ensuring access to prevention and treatment programmes (including programmes to reduce vertical transmission) and eliminating discrimination against individuals living with HIV? • To what extent has the State allocated adequate budgetary, human, and administrative resources to the implementation of such strategies or plans? • To what extent has the State enacted legislative or regulatory protections to ensure the rights of individuals living with HIV to give informed and voluntary consent to health goods and services, including HIV testing, and to ensure confidentiality in testing and treatment? • What measures has the State taken to eliminate involuntary or punitive measures in HIV testing, prevention, or treatment programmes, such as the involuntary HIV testing of pregnant women or girls?