security settings and permanently categorized as high-risk prisoners on the sole basis of their offences or charges or on the outcome of the initial assessment. This approach is counterproductive, as it removes the incentive for such detainees to disengage from VERLT. The Council of Europe Guidelines clearly require states to conduct periodic individualized risk and needs assessments for prisoners who have been sentenced for 200 terrorism-related offences and are being kept in the highest security regimes. 200 Council of Europe, “Guidelines for Prison and Probation Services regarding Radicalisation and Violent Extremism”, op. cit., note 56, Guideline 21; Andrew Coyle, ibid., p. 74. 45