The Death Penalty in the OSCE Area Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, who was sentenced to death for his responsibility in the Boston Marathon bombing.110 Five convicts remain on death row in the military justice system.111 Statistics on Executions During the reporting period, 29 people were executed,112 marking a decrease from the last reporting period, during which a total of 44 people were executed in the United States.113 Six states carried out executions: Texas (12 executions), Missouri (nine), Georgia (three), Florida (three), Arizona (one) and Oklahoma (one).114 Among the executed was one woman, Lisa Coleman, who was executed in Texas.115 No one has been executed at the federal level since 2003, or by the military since the reinstatement of the death penalty in 1976.116 International Safeguards Amnesty, Pardon and Commutation The four people on death row in Maryland had their sentences commuted to life without parole by the governor in January 2015. The death penalty was abolished in Maryland in 2013, but the legislation was not retroactive. 110  “Federal Death Row Prisoners”, Death Penalty Information Center website, <http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/ federal-death-row-prisoners>. 111  NAACP website, op. cit., note 108 . 112  According to the Death Penalty Information Center in 2014 during reporting period 12 people were executed: Eddie Davis (“White”, 45, Florida), John Middleton (“White”, 54, Missouri), Joseph Wood (“White”, 55, Arizona), Michael Worthington (“White”, 43, Missouri), Earl Ringo, Jr. (“Black”, 40, Missouri), Willie Trottie (“Black”, 45, Texas), Lisa Coleman (“Black”, 38, Texas), Miguel Paredes (“Latino”, 32, Texas), Chadwick Banks (“Black”, 43, Florida), Leon Taylor (“Black”, 56, Missouri), Robert Holsey (“Black”, 49, Georgia), Paul Goodwin (“White”, 48, Missouri); in the 2015 during reporting period 17 people were executed: Andrew Brannan (“White”, 66, Georgia), Johnny Kormondy (“White”, 42, Florida), Charles Warner (“Black”, 46, Oklahoma), Arnold Prieto (“Latino”, 41, Texas), Warren Hill (“Black”, 54, Georgia), Robert Ladd (“Black”, 57, Texas), Donald Newbury (“White”, 52, Texas), Walter Storey (“White”, 47, Missouri), Manuel Vasquez (“Latino”, 46, Texas), Cecil Clayton (“White”, 74, Missouri), Kent Sprouse (“White”, 42, Texas), Andre Cole (“Black”, 52, Missouri), Manuel Garza (“Latino”, 34, Texas), Derrick Charles (“Black”, 32, Texas), Lester Bower (“White”, 67, Texas), Richard Strong (“Black”, 48, Missouri), Gregory Russeau (“Black”, 45, Texas), see “Execution list 2014”, Death Penalty Information Center website, <http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/executionlist-2014>, and “Execution list 2015”, Death Penalty Information Center website, <http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/execution-list-2015>. 113  The Death Penalty in the OSCE Area: Background Paper 2014, OSCE/ODIHR, September 2013, <http://www.osce. org/odihr/124105?download=true>. 114  “Execution list 2014”, Death Penalty Information Center, <http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/executionlist-2014>, “Execution list 2015”, Death Penalty Information Center, <http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/execution-list-2015>. 115  Ibid. 116  “Jurisdictions with no recent executions”, Death Penalty Information Center website, <http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/jurisdictions-no-recent-executions>. 26