National Preventive Mechanism Fifth Annual Report 2013–14 At the time of writing, the government has not tabled a bill to give legislative effect to these, or any alternative, proposals. Legislative and policy developments Some legislative and policy developments introduced during the year brought with them significant changes to aspects of the management of places of detention and the provision of services to detainees. Scotland A national police service in Scotland, Police Scotland, was formally established on 1 April 2013. As a result of this change, police custody is now managed centrally in Scotland. Two major pieces of legislation affecting the work of Scottish NPM members were debated and passed during the year. The Children and Young People (Scotland) Act 2014,14 which received Royal Assent on 27 March 2014, introduced new duties related to children’s rights, including the requirement that the Care Inspectorate report every three years on steps taken to further children’s rights in Scotland. The Public Bodies ( Joint Working) (Scotland) Bill,15 passed through the Scottish Parliament after being introduced on 28 May 2013. It received Royal Assent on 1 April 2014. The Act provided a new framework for integrating health and social care in Scotland and improving the quality and consistency of these services. The Care Inspectorate (an NPM member) will play a significant role in monitoring these services. England and Wales A number of policy changes were introduced in prisons in England and Wales during the year. Revisions to the ‘incentives and earned privileges’ scheme operating in prisons and young offender institutions in England and Wales were introduced in November 2013.16 These changes make it harder for prisoners to earn privileges and restrict those available. The commissioning arrangements for health services in prisons in England changed in April 2013, with NHS England taking on the commissioning of services which had previously been provided by local primary care trusts. There was some disruption and confusion as existing services were tendered as part of the new arrangements. Plans to build the largest prison in the UK, a 2,000-place privately-run establishment in Wrexham, North Wales, were announced in September 2013. Restrictions on legal aid for prison law matters were introduced in December 2013.17 Other developments included the Offender Rehabilitation Act 2014, which achieved Royal Assent on 13 March 201418 and set out new provisions around the release and supervision after release of offenders, as well as provisions for the extension period for extended sentence prisoners. It also expanded powers for drug testing in prisons. 14 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2014/8/introduction/enacted 15 http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/parliamentarybusiness/Bills/63845.aspx 16 https://www.gov.uk/government/news/major-shake-up-to-prisoner-incentives 17 https://www.justice.gov.uk/legal-aid/newslatest-updates/legal-aid-transformation 18 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2014/11/contents/enacted/data.htm 14