Section 4. Findings Threats or intimidation (reported by 21% of children) • Children from a black and minority ethnic background were also significantly more likely than children from a white background to report that they had been threatened or intimidated by staff (25% compared with 16%). • Sexual assault (reported by 2% of children) • Children from a Traveller community were significantly more likely to report being sexually assaulted by staff than children from a non-Traveller community (13% compared with 1%). Behaviour management 4.67 All STCs and YOIs have a rewards or incentives scheme to encourage positive behaviour. The specifics of the schemes vary between establishments, but all generally offer a system of benefits which can be earned by good behaviour, and removed if behaviour is poor. 4.68 In our questionnaire, we ask if the rewards scheme encourages them to behave well and if they think it is applied fairly. Overall, only 38% of children said the rewards or incentives for good behaviour encouraged them to behave well and only a third (33%) thought that the system of rewards or incentives was fair. A significantly lower proportion of children from a black and minority ethnic background thought that the system of rewards or incentives was fair than children from a white background (28% compared with 40%). There were no significant differences between STCs and YOIs, and in only two establishments (the Keppel unit and Cookham Wood) did more than half of the children report that the system encouraged them to behave well. At Medway, only one in 10 (10%) said this. Figure 32: Do the rewards or incentives for good behaviour encourage you to behave well? Children in Custody 2018–19 43