In countries of Europe and Central Asia, both women and men experienced an increase in the time they spent on unpaid domestic and care work during lockdown/quarantine periods (April-May 2020), but women saw a greater increase. The average man spent more time on 2.3 activities The average woman spent more time on 3.2 activities The average married woman spent more time on 3.6 activities The average married woman with children spent more time on 4.1 activities Time spent before lockdown Source: Data taken from UN Women, The Impact of Covid-19 on Women’s and Men’s Lives and Livelihoods in Europe and Central Asia: Preliminary Results from a Rapid Gender Assessment, 2020, p. 26. https://eca.unwomen.org/en/ digital-library/publications/2020/07/the-impact-of-covid19-on-womens-and-mens-lives-and-livelihoods. • Single mothers have been especially disadvantaged by emergency measures and have experienced income loss and high rates of unemployment during the pandemic.188 • Work-from-home requirements are incompatible with the employment arrangements of domestic workers, the large majority of whom are women (such as housecleaners and childminders). Most domestic workers are employed informally and, therefore, they do 188 In the United Kingdom, single parents were the most likely to report incomes losses of 20 per cent or more. See: Understanding Society, “COVID-19 Survey. Briefing Note, Wave 1: April 2020” <https://www.iser.essex.ac.uk/ files/news/2020/single-mother-income-loss-covid-19/covid-briefing-paper-economic-effects.pdf>; and in the United States, early analysis suggests that employment rates for single mothers are down 22 per cent compared to 2019, Pew, “Single Mothers Hit Hard by Job Losses”, 26 May 2020, <https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/ research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2020/05/26/single-mothers-hit-hard-by-job-losses>. 55