in part, reflects the fact that typical services are modelled on men’s needs and, thus, they do not address the complex factors that lead women into situations of homelessness. For women, homelessness is highly correlated with lifetime experiences of social and economic disadvantage. Women’s vulnerably to homelessness and housing insecurity is linked to domestic violence, child marriage, limited job opportunities and human trafficking. Women from minority groups (which can include migrant women and LBTI women)212 face even greater risks for homelessness. CSOs have raised concern over the fact that emergency planning has not taken into account the vulnerabilities of women experiencing homelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic.213 The unavailability of services for women experiencing homelessness is a violation of their rights to social protection and an adequate standard of living, Recommended actions to protect women’s rights When setting priorities for the provision of social protection and services during and after emergencies, gender analysis should be used to identify groups of women who are in pre-existing situations of vulnerability, as well as those who are at risk of becoming vulnerable during a crisis. When lockdown measures are imposed, emergency planning should include estimates of the increased need for services for domestic violence survivors and earmark dedicated support (e.g., in the form of funding; alternative temporary, funding; training and capacity-building for service providers; and the provision of equipment that would facilitate remote work, such as laptops and mobile phones). When developing emergency response plans, the potential compound impacts of the measures themselves on women should be assessed (e.g., lockdown measures heighten women’s risks for gender-based violence, workplace closures are associated with unemployment and economic insecurity, and reduction in services such as shelters and crisis centres, which leave women at risk of homelessness). In post-crisis situations, financial and other support should be provided to CSOs to enable them to continue their work with women in vulnerable situations (and to address backlogs in care that arose during states of emergency). the Intersection of Vulnerabilities: The Plight of Women and Girls Experiencing Homelessness During the Global Coronavirus Pandemic”, 17 April 2020, <https://giwps.georgetown.edu/at-the-intersection-of-vulnerabilities-women-and-girls-experiencing-homelessness-during-the-global-coronavirus-pandemic/>. 212 In the United Kingdom, the LGBT Foundation’s helpline recorded an 88 per cent increase in calls about housing from March-April 2020, compared to previous months. LGBT Foundation, LGBT Foundation, “Hidden Figures.: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on LGBT Communities in the UK, 3rd Edition”, op. cit., note 186, p. 23. 213 FRA, “Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreak in the EU – Fundamental Rights Implications – Czechia”, 23 March 2020, <https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2020/covid19-rights-impact-april-1#TabPubStudies>; and Women’s National Housing and Homelessness Network, “The State of Women’s Housing Need & Homelessness in Canada: Key Finding”, 2020, <http://womenshomelessness.ca/literature-review/>. 62