CONTENTS Page Introduction................................................................................... 1 III.  HUMAN RIGHTS AND TERRORISM.......................................... 3 I A. What are human rights?.................................................... 3 B. What is terrorism?............................................................. 5 C. The impact of terrorism on human rights.. ................... 7 D. Accountability and the human rights of victims.. .......... 9 E. Terrorism and other aspects of international law.......... 11 III.  HUMAN RIGHTS AND COUNTER-TERRORISM................................. 19 A. The promotion and protection of human rights while countering terrorism......................................................... 19 B. The flexibility of human rights law..................................... 22 III.  SPECIFIC HUMAN RIGHTS CHALLENGES IN THE CONTEXT OF. TERRORISM AND COUNTER-TERRORISM................................. 30 A. The right to life................................................................. 30 B. Challenges to the absolute prohibition against torture...... 32 C. Transfer of individuals suspected of terrorist activity........... 33 D. Liberty and security of the person...................................... 36 E. Profiling and the principle of non-discrimination................ 37 F. Due process and the right to a fair trial............................. 38 G. The principle of legality and the definition of terrorism...... 39 H. Freedom of expression and the prohibition of incitement to terrorism ...................................................................... 41 I. Freedom of association...................................................... 43 J. Surveillance, data protection and the right to privacy........ 45 K. Economic, social and cultural rights................................... 46 Annex: United Nations action to counter terrorism........................ 57 iii