MONITORING OF CUSTODIAL SETTINGS IN UKRAINE 78 2.3. MONITORING OF INSTITUTIONS UNDER THE STATE PENITENTIARY SERVICE OF UKRAINE: RESULTS The State Penitentiary Service (SPS) has 224 institutions that may be referred to custodial settings. They are: – 33 remand prisons, domestically known as SIZO – preliminary detention facilities designated to prevent detainees’ avoidance of pre-trial investigation and judicial authorities, obstruction of criminal proceedings or further criminal activities and to ensure enforcement of sentences, extradition or convicts’ transit. Such prisons hold suspects taken into custody for the time of pre-trial investigation and judicial proceedings and convicts punished by arrest or left at the institution for performance of in-house services; – 112 penitentiary facilities (colonies) for enforcement of punishments by deprivation of liberty; – 8 juvenile correctional/ educational colonies for enforcement of punishments by deprivation of liberty for juveniles; – 23 correctional centers for enforcement of punishments by restriction of liberty; – 42 arrest houses for serving arrest sentences; – 6 medical institutions. Reduction of the number of prisoners in remand has been a stable tendency as of 2011 (see Drawing 2.4). The issue of remand prison overcrowding was partly resolved by establishment of remand units at penitentiaries. On January 1, 2013 such units held 1,136 prisoners. Analysis of statistical data on criminal convicts serving sentences in different kinds of penitentiary facilities also shows a decrease in the population of juvenile colonies (from 1,606 in 2008 to 1,264 in 2013). During 2012 NPM Department staff visited 31 SPS institutions: 11 remand prisons, 18 penitentiaries, 1 correctional center and 1 juvenile colony. The visited institutions were as follows: Simferopol remand prison (SIZO) (two visits); Simferopol penitentiary (colony) No. 102 (two visits); Dnipropetrovsk remand prison (SIZO); Sofiyivka penitentiary (colony) No. 45;