DOC/OS(XXXIII)/324c/II education and rehabilitation in order to help them prepare to be future law abiding citizens. In this perspective, juveniles should be separated from adults and preferably be detained in separate institutions which offer rehabilitative activities. These requirements were not met in several places that the Special Rapporteur and her delegation have visited (see the Juveniles section). Not only were they detained with adults (Mbale, Kampala Central police station, Luzira Upper prison, Kakiika women section), but they did not receive the special treatment they deserved in terms of rehabilitation, education and psycho-social support. Even more worrying, reports of sexual abuses of which juveniles were victims did not receive proper attention and remedial action. Foreigners Foreigners often find themselves without visits or assistance, having no relatives around and face conditions even worse than the bulk of the prison population. Many of them have committed no other offence than not carrying the necessary documents, and are not dangerous individuals. Very little, if at all, is done to meet their specific needs, e.g. in terms of diet, and the national representations (Embassies) who could bring support are not always informed of their detention. Communication difficulties with police, prison staff and the rest of the prison population can even worsen their situation. Discriminations The Special Rapporteur heard several allegations and examples of ethnic based discriminations, as well as of discriminations against certain categories of offenders e.g. condemned prisoners in Luzira women prison. Prisoners also felt discriminated by doctors when taken to outside hospitals e.g. Mulago hospital. The right to be protected from any type of discrimination is stipulated inter-alia in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights (art. 7), the Constitution of Uganda (art. 21-2), the UN Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Offenders (Rule 6). Relations between staff and prisoners While acknowledging that relations between staff and prisoners are usually described as good, and praising the senior staff of prison service for their commitment and competence, the Special Rapporteur is concerned that some staff have an unacceptable behaviour. As mentioned above, torture and ill-treatments do exist in prisons and police stations. The delegation found some prisoners in very poor condition. The Special Rapporteur would like to insist that it is the full responsibility of senior staff and authorities to ensure that rules are enforced including by their own staff and that sanctions be taken against those who do not abide by the regulations. Remand detention and related overcrowding As described under the Findings section, remand detention is a major issue in Uganda. One of its consequences is the severe overcrowding which afflicts most prisons throughout the country. Moreover, many Ugandan citizens who have not been proven guilty, and are therefore presumed innocents, are kept behind bars in dire conditions. Overcrowding entails consequences on numerous aspects of prison life. It hampers the smooth delivery of services such as food, health care, education, makes it difficult to maintain hygiene, to organise visits for relatives, exercise for prisoners and so forth. It also creates difficult working conditions for prison staff, at all levels. Work The Constitution, art 25 states that: (2) No person shall be required to perform forced labour (3) For the purpose of this article, "forced labour" does not include — 36