A/HRC/31/57/Add.3 juvenile detention establishments he visited (one pretrial and the other for convicted children), the facilities were better than adequate, and significantly better than the adult facilities. Juvenile detainees enjoy more sports opportunities than their adult counterparts, even when in pretrial detention, and educational and other opportunities are also amply available. 101. With regard to pretrial detention, however, the Special Rapporteur notes with concern that children, in violation of the Juvenile Justice Code, are not kept separate from adults during, inter alia, meal times or while being transported, which could expose them to the risk of ill-treatment. 102. The Special Rapporteur was informed that, in 2014, a programme aimed at diverting juveniles away from criminal activities was implemented throughout the country, and that, as at June 2015, 888 children had been diverted away from the criminal justice system, therefore allowing first-time offenders to avoid a criminal conviction. 103. The Special Rapporteur takes note of the legislative reform of the juvenile justice system adopted in March 2015, and of the new Juvenile Justice Code, adopted in June. He is pleased to note that the new code introduces a child-friendly approach to children in the criminal justice system, including children in conflict with the law, child victims and child witnesses of crime; that the reform brings juvenile justice legislation in Georgia closer to conformity with international standards, particularly in certain areas, such as the mandatory specialization of justice professionals; the use of detention as a measure of last resort and for the shortest period of time; increased recourse by courts to diversion programmes and the minimization of prosecutors’ participation in mediation processes; regular revision of the use of pretrial detention; and strengthening an individualized approach through the introduction of individual assessment reports at all stages of criminal proceedings. IV. Conclusions and recommendations A. Conclusions 104. The Special Rapporteur notes a large degree of success in the implementation of reforms made following the parliamentary elections in Georgia in October 2012. In order to make the fight against torture and ill-treatment a priority, significant efforts and resources have been made to prosecute past crimes of torture and ill-treatment and to convict perpetrators, to build new and to improve prison infrastructure, and to effect extensive policy changes, as well as to ensure the effective application of these measures. 105. The Special Rapporteur concludes that physical violence, including corporal punishment, verbal mistreatment and forced confessions, has been almost totally abolished in Georgian prisons. Cell conditions, food and medical care are generally satisfactory. By significantly reducing its prison population while at the same time investing in new and better prison infrastructure, the Government has managed to eliminate overcrowding and many of its detrimental consequences. 106. Nevertheless, the Special Rapporteur has identified significant room for improvement in the overall conditions of detention and the rights of inmates: access to open areas, telephone calls and visits is currently far too restrictive; there is a notable lack of meaningful activities; and the use of isolation, for disciplinary or other measures, is highly unsuitable. Furthermore, mental issues, including depression and post-traumatic stress, go untreated, resulting in, inter alia, self-inflicted injuries and, in some cases, suicide. 17