E/CN.4/1999/61/Add.1
page 24
that the police had been sent in by the prosecutor and the crimes had been
committed in a detention centre under his purview. Thus, the cases were
referred to the administrative body. The administrative body, however, found
that they had been performing a judicial function because the forces had been
called in by the prosecutor. The prosecutor was therefore compelled to
proceed with the case in the Heavy Penal Court in Diyarbakir, but the court
then declined to hear the case on the grounds that it was an administrative
case and therefore within the jurisdiction of the administrative board. As a
result, the penal chamber of the Court of Cassation had to resolve the
dispute; it determined that the case was not administrative and referred it
back to the Heavy Penal Court in Diyarbakir. The first hearing in the case
was held only in June 1997, nine months after the killings took place, and the
case is still pending. It is important to note that none of the defendants
are on remand. Further, the police who sometimes bring the eyewitnesses to
the court are the very defendants themselves, which many lawyers report is a
common practice to intimidate eyewitnesses.
85.
The Minister of State in charge of Human Rights informed the Special
Rapporteur that there is a proposal to amend the law, the primary purpose
being to accelerate the process. Under article 7 of this proposed amendment,
the administrative body would be required to give its decision as to whether
the case should be formally investigated by the public prosecutor within
30 days from the date of the alleged crime. This 30-day period, may, if
necessary, be extended once only for a period not longer than 15 days. If no
decision is given by this time, authorization to investigate will be
considered to have been given. While this amendment will address the problem
of the current delays under the procedure, the Special Rapporteur believes
that it fails to address the more problematic issue of whether a body composed
of civil servants who lack legal training is the appropriate body to determine
whether allegations of wrongdoing by other civil servants should be
prosecuted.
86.
Another jurisdictional problem is due to the fact that the investigation
of torture alleged by a detainee falling within the jurisdiction of a State
Security Court is conducted by the public prosecutor of the respective Heavy
Penal Court. As a result, the trial of a detainee may proceed in the State
Security Court system on the basis of an allegedly coerced testimony and a
sentence of guilt may be handed down before a decision is taken in the Heavy
Penal Court concerning the alleged torture. This in fact occurs quite
frequently. For example, in the trial in the infamous Manisa case, in which
students were tortured by police officers, the Izmir State Security Court
relied on the students' torture-induced confessions to convict them prior to
the trial of the perpetrators in the Heavy Penal Court.
87.
The Turkish Code of Criminal Procedure requires a prosecutor to initiate
an investigation to determine whether there are grounds for prosecution when
he or she has received a complaint of torture or other information indicating
that a crime may have occurred (art. 153). If the investigation supports the
allegations of torture, the prosecutor is supposed to charge those responsible
(art. 163). However, human rights organizations and defence lawyers contend
that there is an unwillingness on the part of prosecutors to prosecute.
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