CAT/OP/NZL/1 such conditions may amount to ill-treatment. It was also informed of the increasing numbers of the elderly within the prison population and notes that there is a need to increase the number and capacity of age-related health-care and treatment facilities, such as hospices and residential dementia care units within the prison estate. 65. The Subcommittee recommends that the State party conduct a country-wide audit of the health-care needs in institutions, in order to facilitate the provision of adequate health-care services and supplies, with a view to ensuring compliance with international standards on health matters.9 The Subcommittee also recommends that the State party provide, as a matter of urgency, adequate and appropriate access to professional care services in order to meet the mental health needs of detainees. Youth justice residences 66. The Subcommittee commends the provision of on-site health teams at the residences. However, it noted that at some residences staff experienced difficulties in working together with families or whanau (a Maori extended family or community of related families). The Subcommittee also heard with concern claims that young people with mental health needs did not receive the care they needed owing to a shortage of places in appropriate care facilities. 67. The Subcommittee recommends that adequate support be provided to youth justice residences to enable them to meet the mental health needs of those detained. It recommends that the State party establish a youth mental health forensic service and ensure that sufficient mental health units are available to meet the needs of children and young people. IV. Situation of persons deprived of their liberty A. Police detention 68. While mindful of its observations regarding the nature of bail in paragraph 21 above, in all police stations visited the Subcommittee was impressed by the focus on granting police bail whenever possible, in order to avoid excessive use of police custody. However, it observed inconsistencies in the physical conditions of the police stations and cells visited. While some were newly built, kept clean and were well ventilated, others, especially older police stations, were poorly ventilated, unclean and all the facilities visited lacked sunlight. Several police stations appeared to have windows that had been blocked. Older stations were also cold, particularly on the floors or in the cells used to hold aggressive, intoxicated or at-risk persons. In those police stations, the lack of ventilation also exacerbated the smells and humidity levels in the cells. The Subcommittee also observed that while some police cells were painted pink, known to have a calming effect on persons in custody, other cells were covered in graffiti, carried out using metal objects and lighters. Although all the cells visited appeared to undergo regular cleaning, the Subcommittee noted with concern that the thoroughness and periodicity varied greatly. These conditions were of particular concern in the police stations gazetted as jails (see paragraphs 29 and 30). Some of those police stations did not have a day room or an exercise yard and, as a consequence, persons remanded in custody would spend several days inside the detention area in the basement of the station, with no access to natural light or the outdoors, only using the corridor as an exercise area when possible. 9 14 See Standard Minimum Rules, rule 22 (2).