CRPD/C/GC/3 action plans, strategies34 and policies concerning women, childhood and disability, as well as in sectoral plans concerning, for example, gender equality, health, violence, education, political participation, employment, access to justice and social protection; and (b) taking targeted and monitored action aimed specifically at women with disabilities. A twin-track approach is essential for reducing inequality in respect of participation and the enjoyment of rights. IV. Relationship between article 6 and other articles of the Convention 28. The cross-cutting nature of article 6 inextricably links it to all other substantive provisions of the Convention. In addition to being related to those articles that include an explicit reference to sex and/or gender, article 6 is particularly interrelated interrelated with the provisions dealing with violence against women with disabilities (art. 16) and with sexual and reproductive health and rights, including respect for home and the family (arts. 23 and 25); and spheres of discrimination against women with disabilities in other relevant articles. A. Freedom from exploitation, violence and abuse (art. 16) 29. Women with disabilities are at a heightened risk of violence, exploitation and abuse compared to other women. 35 Violence may be interpersonal or institutional and/or structural. Institutional and/or structural violence is any form of structural inequality or institutional discrimination that keeps a woman in a subordinate position, whether physically or ideologically, compared with other people in her family, 36 household or community. 30. Enjoyment by women with disabilities of the right to freedom from exploitation, violence and abuse can be hindered by harmful stereotypes that heighten the risk of experiencing violence. Harmful stereotypes that infantilize women with disabilities and call into question their ability to make judgments, perceptions of women with disabilities as being asexual or hypersexual and erroneous beliefs and myths heavily influenced by superstition that increase the risk of sexual violence against women with albinism 37 all stop women with disabilities from exercising their rights as set out in article 16. 31. Examples of violence, exploitation and/or abuse against women with disabilities that violate article 16 include the following: the acquisition of a disability as a consequence of violence, physical force; economic coercion; trafficking and deception; misinformation; abandonment; the absence of free and informed consent and legal compulsion; neglect, including the withholding or denial of access to medication; the removal or control of communication aids and the refusal to assist in communicating; the denial of personal mobility and accessibility by, for example, removing or destroying accessibility features such as ramps, assistive devices such as white canes or mobility devices such as wheelchairs; the refusal by caregivers to assist with daily activities such as bathing, menstrual and/or sanitation management, dressing and eating, which hinders enjoyment of the right to live independently and to freedom from degrading treatment; the withholding of food or water, or the threat of doing so; the infliction of fear by intimidation through bullying, verbal abuse and ridicule on the grounds of disability; the harming or threat of harming, removing or killing pets or assistance dogs or destroying objects; psychological 34 35 36 37 8 See art. 4 (1) (c) of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. See A/67/227, para. 13. See CRPD/C/HRV/CO/1, para. 9. See A/HRC/24/57, para. 74.