available in Paris and Lyon, but not in the Calais area or in other regions. 122 relocation of asylum seekers between the different centres. 113 Médecins du Monde, which provides psychosocial and health care services in the Moria hotspots in Lesvos, Greece underlined that the facility is not adequate for vulnerable people who need therapeutic care as it cannot be successfully provided as long as patients stay there. 114 As reported by Human Rights Watch, a psychologist from the medical organisation WAHA underlined that the “basic rule in psychology is that the patient must change the environment around him and oblige himself to change his way of thinking. Here it is very difficult. I can’t make refugees accept the life under sun, rain, hot, cold...” 115 MSF made similar conclusions. 116 Some centres for torture victims – for example, in Sweden 117– do not treat asylum seekers because longterm treatment should be provided only to persons with permanent residence. Information and interpretation The manner in which victims of torture or traumatised persons are informed about their options also varies. In some Member States, such as Austria, asylum seekers are informed about available support and services at the initial stages of their application,123 whereas in others – for example, Hungary 124– this mainly occurs through leaflets, with lists of services available at the reception centres. In some Member States, it is mainly NGOs which inform the victims of torture of their support options, as is the case, for example, in Slovakia. 125 Language barriers can often prevent victims from receiving necessary care. Information regarding access to care is in principle given to victims in a language which they understand or through interpreters – for example, in Slovakia, Austria, and Hungary. 126 The quality of the information may depend on the availability of qualified interpreters. For example, in Sweden, due to the long distances and the lack of availability of interpreters for all languages, interpretations are likely to be carried out over the phone. 127 In Bulgaria, the Nadia Centre reported that a number of newly appointed interpreters and social mediators lack the necessary knowledge and skills to deal with such delicate situations and may actually hamper the proper provision of psychological care. 128 The lack of sufficient resources can lead to long waiting periods. As an illustration, in Austria, the waiting time for therapy is between two and six months. 118 In Germany, access to the national healthcare system is limited for the first 15 months, except for treatment for acute illness and pain. 119 Therefore, victims of torture rely on the 34 external psychological centres that deal with this demand.  The German Federal Association of Psychosocial Centres for Refugees and Victims of Torture indicated that about 5,600 asylum seekers had to wait for more than a year to receive treatment or get an appointment with a specialist. 120 Coping with trauma and torture – drug dependence Issues of access can also vary within a country from region to region. In Finland, Amnesty International underlined that services for torture victims should be available in all parts of the country, so as to make treatment and rehabilitation services accessible to all victims. 121 In France, the association Parcours d’exil stresses that the supply of care is inadequate compared to the demand, with a significant lack of resources and poor distribution of care organisations across the country. For example, services are FRA also explored to what extent victims of torture or severely traumatised persons display signs of drug dependence. Limited information on the link between trauma and drug use emerged. Drug problems among asylum applicants and migrants have been given little attention so far. However, it affects a number of young people, including children, and creates safety risks for others in reception facilities. Data availability and extent of problem 14